Surgery is an ancient medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition. Understanding cancer surgery – how to prepare, what happens and recovery. here are many reasons to have surgery. Some operations can relieve or prevent pain. Others can reduce a symptom of a problem or improve some body. Knowing what to expect with surgery before you get to the hospital can make you less anxious about your surgical experience – and less stress helps a person. A general surgeon is a physician who has been educated and trained in the diagnosis and preoperative, operative, and postoperative. Surgery is a medical treatment that involves the cutting of a body, whether that of a human or an animal, in order to repair and diagnose internal problems.